Steerable laser probe

ABSTRACT

A steerable laser probe may include a handle, an actuation structure of the handle, a housing tube, a flexible tube, an optic fiber, and a wire having a pre-formed curve. The flexible tube may be disposed within the housing tube wherein a distal end of the flexible tube projects out from a distal end of the housing tube. The optic fiber may be disposed within an inner bore of the handle, the housing tube, and the flexible tube. The wire may be disposed within the housing tube.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This Application is a continuation of prior application Ser. No.14/461,926, filed Aug. 18, 2014.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure relates to a surgical instrument, and, moreparticularly, to a steerable laser probe.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A wide variety of ophthalmic procedures require a laser energy source.For example, ophthalmic surgeons may use laser photocoagulation to treatproliferative retinopathy. Proliferative retinopathy is a conditioncharacterized by the development of abnormal blood vessels in the retinathat grow into the vitreous humor. Ophthalmic surgeons may treat thiscondition by energizing a laser to cauterize portions of the retina toprevent the abnormal blood vessels from growing and hemorrhaging.

In order to increase the chances of a successful laser photocoagulationprocedure, it is important that a surgeon is able aim the laser at aplurality of targets within the eye, e.g., by guiding or moving thelaser from a first target to a second target within the eye. It is alsoimportant that the surgeon is able to easily control a movement of thelaser. For example, the surgeon must be able to easily direct a laserbeam by steering the beam to a first position aimed at a first target,guide the laser beam from the first position to a second position aimedat a second target, and hold the laser beam in the second position.Accordingly, there is a need for a surgical laser probe that can beeasily guided to a plurality of targets within the eye.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure provides a steerable laser probe. In one or moreembodiments, a steerable laser probe may comprise a handle, an actuationstructure of the handle, a housing tube, a flexible tube, an opticfiber, and a wire having a pre-formed curve. Illustratively, theflexible tube may be disposed within the housing tube wherein a distalend of the flexible tube projects out from a distal end of the housingtube. In one or more embodiments, the optic fiber may be disposed withinan inner bore of the handle, the housing tube, and the flexible tube.Illustratively, the wire may be disposed within the housing tube.

In one or more embodiments, a compression of the actuation structure maybe configured to curve the optic fiber. Illustratively, a compression ofthe actuation structure may be configured to extend the wire relative tothe housing tube wherein a portion of the pre-formed curve may beextended into a portion of the flexible tube projecting out from thedistal end of the housing tube. In one or more embodiments, an extensionof a portion of the pre-formed curve into the portion of the flexibletube projecting out from the distal end of the housing tube may beconfigured to gradually curve the flexible tube. Illustratively, agradual curving of the flexible tube may be configured to graduallycurve the optic fiber.

In one or more embodiments, a decompression of the actuation structuremay be configured to straighten the optic fiber. Illustratively, adecompression of the actuation structure may be configured to retractthe wire relative to the housing tube wherein a portion of thepre-formed curve may be retracted out of a portion of the flexible tubeprojecting out from the distal end of the housing tube. In one or moreembodiments, a retraction of a portion of the pre-formed curve out ofthe portion of the flexible tube projecting out from the distal end ofthe housing tube may be configured to gradually straighten the flexibletube. Illustratively, a gradual straightening of the flexible tube maybe configured to gradually curve the optic fiber.

In one or more embodiments, a decompression of the actuation structuremay be configured to curve the optic fiber. Illustratively, adecompression of the actuation structure may be configured to extend thewire relative to the housing tube wherein a portion of the pre-formedcurve may be extended into a portion of the flexible tube projecting outfrom the distal end of the housing tube. In one or more embodiments, anextension of a portion of the pre-formed curve into the portion of theflexible tube projecting out from the distal end of the housing tube maybe configured to gradually curve the flexible tube. Illustratively, agradual curving of the flexible tube may be configured to graduallycurve the optic fiber.

In one or more embodiments, a compression of the actuation structure maybe configured to straighten the optic fiber. Illustratively, acompression of the actuation structure may be configured to retract thewire relative to the housing tube wherein a portion of the pre-formedcurve may be retracted out of a portion of the flexible tube projectingout from the distal end of the housing tube. In one or more embodiments,a retraction of a portion of the pre-formed curve out of the portion ofthe flexible tube projecting out from the distal end of the housing tubemay be configured to gradually straighten the flexible tube.Illustratively, a gradual straightening of the flexible tube may beconfigured to gradually curve the optic fiber.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and further advantages of the present invention may be betterunderstood by referring to the following description in conjunction withthe accompanying drawings in which like reference numerals indicateidentical or functionally similar elements:

FIGS. 1A and 1B are schematic diagrams illustrating a handle;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of asteerable laser probe assembly;

FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, and 3E illustrate a gradual curving of an opticfiber;

FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, and 4E illustrate a gradual straightening of anoptic fiber;

FIGS. 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams illustrating a handle;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of asteerable laser probe assembly;

FIGS. 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, and 7E illustrate a gradual curving of an opticfiber;

FIGS. 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, and 8E illustrate a gradual straightening of anoptic fiber;

FIGS. 9A and 9B are schematic diagrams illustrating a handle;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of asteerable laser probe assembly;

FIGS. 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D, and 11E illustrate a gradual curving of anoptic fiber;

FIGS. 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D, and 12E illustrate a gradual straightening ofan optic fiber.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENT

FIGS. 1A and 1B are schematic diagrams illustrating a handle 100. FIG.1A illustrates a top view of handle 100. In one or more embodiments,handle 100 may comprise a handle distal end 101, a handle proximal end102, a handle base 110, an actuation structure 120, an actuation ring130, an actuation mechanism housing 135, a platform base 140, anactuation mechanism guide 145, and a housing tube platform 150.Illustratively, actuation structure 120 may comprise an actuationstructure distal end 121 and an actuation structure proximal end 122. Inone or more embodiments, actuation structure 120 may comprise aplurality of actuation arms 125. Illustratively, each actuation arm 125may comprise at least one extension mechanism 126. In one or moreembodiments, actuation structure 120 may comprise a shape memorymaterial configured to project actuation structure distal end 121 afirst distance from actuation structure proximal end 122, e.g., whenactuation structure 120 is fully decompressed. Illustratively, actuationstructure 120 may comprise a shape memory material configured to projectactuation structure distal end 121 a second distance from actuationstructure proximal end 122, e.g., when actuation structure 120 is fullycompressed. In one or more embodiments, the second distance fromactuation structure proximal end 122 may be greater than the firstdistance from actuation structure proximal end 122. Actuation structure120 may be manufactured from any suitable material, e.g., polymers,metals, metal alloys, etc., or from any combination of suitablematerials.

Illustratively, actuation structure 120 may be compressed by anapplication of a compressive force to actuation structure 120. In one ormore embodiments, actuation structure 120 may be compressed by anapplication of one or more compressive forces located at one or morelocations around an outer perimeter of actuation structure 120.Illustratively, the one or more locations may comprise any of aplurality of locations around the outer perimeter of actuation structure120. For example, a surgeon may compress actuation structure 120, e.g.,by squeezing actuation structure 120. Illustratively, the surgeon maycompress actuation structure 120 by squeezing actuation structure 120 atany particular location of a plurality of locations around an outerperimeter of actuation structure 120. For example, a surgeon may rotatehandle 100 and compress actuation structure 120 from any rotationalposition of a plurality of rotational positions of handle 100.

In one or more embodiments, actuation structure 120 may be compressed byan application of a compressive force to any one or more of theplurality of actuation arms 125. Illustratively, each actuation arm 125may be configured to actuate independently. In one or more embodiments,each actuation arm 125 may be connected to one or more of the pluralityof actuation arms 125 wherein an actuation of a particular actuation arm125 may be configured to actuate every actuation arm 125 of theplurality of actuation arms 125. Illustratively, one or more actuationarms 125 may be configured to actuate in pairs or groups. For example,an actuation of a first actuation arm 125 may be configured to actuate asecond actuation arm 125.

In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 120,e.g., due to an application of a compressive force to a particularactuation arm 125, may be configured to actuate the particular actuationarm 125. Illustratively, an actuation of the particular actuation arm125 may be configured to actuate every actuation arm 125 of theplurality of actuation arms 125. In one or more embodiments, anapplication of a compressive force to a particular actuation arm 125 maybe configured to extend at least one extension mechanism 126 of theparticular actuation arm 125. Illustratively, a particular actuation arm125 may be configured to extend a first length from handle base 110. Inone or more embodiments, an extension of an extension mechanism 126 ofthe particular actuation arm 125, e.g., due to an application of acompressive force to the particular actuation arm 125, may be configuredto extend the particular actuation arm 125 a second length from handlebase 110. Illustratively, the second length from handle base 110 may begreater than the first length from handle base 110.

In one or more embodiments, actuation ring 130 may be fixed to actuationstructure distal end 121. Illustratively, a compression of actuationstructure 120 may be configured to gradually extend actuation ring 130from handle base 110. For example, actuation ring 130 may be configuredto extend a first distance from actuation structure proximal end 122,e.g., when actuation structure 120 is fully decompressed. In one or moreembodiments, actuation ring 130 may be configured to extend a seconddistance from actuation structure proximal end 122, e.g., due to acompression of actuation structure 120. Illustratively, the seconddistance from actuation structure proximal end 122 may be greater thanthe first distance from actuation structure proximal end 122.

FIG. 1B illustrates a cross-sectional view of handle 100. In one or moreembodiments, handle 100 may comprise an inner bore 160, an inner boreproximal taper 161, an inner bore distal chamber 162, an optic fiberguide 163, a wire proximal end housing 164, and a wire guide 165. Handle100 may be manufactured from any suitable material, e.g., polymers,metals, metal alloys, etc., or from any combination of suitablematerials.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of asteerable laser probe assembly 200. In one or more embodiments,steerable laser probe assembly 200 may comprise a handle 100; anactuation mechanism 210; a housing tube 220 having a housing tube distalend 221 and a housing tube proximal end 222; a flexible tube 230 havinga flexible tube distal end 231 and a flexible tube proximal end 232; awire 240 having a wire distal end 241, a wire proximal end 242, and apre-formed curve 245; an optic fiber 250 having an optic fiber distalend 251 and an optic fiber proximal end 252; and a light sourceinterface 260. Illustratively, light source interface 260 may beconfigured to interface with optic fiber 250, e.g., at optic fiberproximal end 252. In one or more embodiments, light source interface 260may comprise a standard light source connector, e.g., an SMA connector.

Illustratively, housing tube 220 may be fixed to housing tube platform150, e.g., housing tube proximal end 222 may be fixed to handle distalend 101. In one or more embodiments, housing tube 220 may be fixed tohousing tube platform 150, e.g., by an adhesive or by any other suitablefixation means. Illustratively, a portion of housing tube 220 may bedisposed within wire guide 165, e.g., housing tube proximal end 222 maybe disposed within wire guide 165. In one or more embodiments, a portionof housing tube 220 may be fixed within wire guide 165, e.g., by anadhesive or other any suitable fixation means. Housing tube 220 may bemanufactured from any suitable material, e.g., polymers, metals, metalalloys, etc., or from any combination of suitable materials.

In one or more embodiments, a portion of flexible tube 230 may bedisposed within housing tube 220, e.g., flexible tube proximal end 232may be disposed within housing tube 220. Illustratively, a portion offlexible tube 230 may extend from housing tube 220, e.g., flexible tubedistal end 231 may extend from housing tube distal end 221. In one ormore embodiments, a portion of flexible tube 230 may be fixed withinhousing tube 220, e.g., by an adhesive or any other suitable fixationmeans. Illustratively, a portion of flexible tube 230 may be disposedwithin a portion of housing tube 220. In one or more embodiments, aportion of flexible tube 230 may be disposed within wire guide 165,e.g., flexible tube proximal end 232 may be disposed within wire guide165. Illustratively, a portion of flexible tube 230 may be fixed withinwire guide 165, e.g., by an adhesive or any other suitable fixationmeans. In one or more embodiments, a portion of flexible tube 230 may befixed to housing tube platform 150, e.g., by an adhesive or any othersuitable fixation means. Flexible tube 230 may be manufactured from anysuitable material, e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or fromany combination of suitable materials.

Illustratively, optic fiber 250 may be disposed within inner bore 160,inner bore distal chamber 162, optic fiber guide 163, wire guide 165,housing tube 220, and flexible tube 230. In one or more embodiments,optic fiber 250 may be disposed within flexible tube 230 wherein opticfiber distal end 251 may be adjacent to flexible tube distal end 231.Illustratively, a portion of optic fiber 250 may be fixed to an innerportion of flexible tube 230, e.g., by an adhesive or any other suitablefixation means. In one or more embodiments, a portion of optic fiber 250may be fixed to an inner portion of housing tube 220, e.g., by anadhesive or any other suitable fixation means. Illustratively, opticfiber 250 may be configured to transmit light, e.g., light from a lightsource.

In one or more embodiments, a portion of wire 240 may comprise a shapememory material, e.g., Nitinol. Illustratively, pre-formed curve 245 maycomprise a shape memory material, e.g., Nitinol. In one or moreembodiments, wire 240 may be disposed within wire proximal end housing164, wire guide 165, and housing tube 220. Illustratively, a portion ofwire 240 may be disposed within flexible tube 230. In one or moreembodiments, actuation mechanism 210 may be housed within actuationmechanism housing 135. Illustratively, actuation mechanism 210 may beconfigured to fix a portion of wire 240, e.g., wire proximal end 242, ina position relative to actuation ring 130. In one or more embodiments,actuation mechanism 210 may comprise a set screw configured to fix wire240 in a position relative to actuation ring 130, e.g., by a press fitor any other suitable fixation means. Illustratively, a portion of wire240, e.g., wire proximal end 242, may be fixed to actuation mechanism210, e.g., by an adhesive or any other suitable fixation means. Wire 240may be manufactured from any suitable material, e.g., polymers, metals,metal alloys, etc., or from any combination of suitable materials.

In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 120 maybe configured to extend actuation ring 130 relative to handle base 110.Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 120 may beconfigured to actuate actuation ring 130 away from handle proximal end102 and towards housing tube platform 150. In one or more embodiments, acompression of actuation structure 120 may be configured to extendactuation mechanism 210 relative to handle base 110. Illustratively, acompression of actuation structure 120 may be configured to actuateactuation mechanism 210, e.g., within actuation mechanism guide 145,away from handle proximal end 102 and towards housing tube platform 150.

In one or more embodiments, an extension of actuation mechanism 210relative to handle base 110, e.g., due to a compression of actuationstructure 120, may be configured to extend wire 240 relative to housingtube 220. Illustratively, if wire 240 is disposed within housing tube220 wherein pre-formed curve 245 is contained within housing tube 220,then pre-formed curve 245 may be generally straightened, e.g., byhousing tube 220. In one or more embodiments, an extension of wire 240relative to housing tube 220 may be configured to extend pre-formedcurve 245 into a portion of flexible tube 230, e.g., a portion offlexible tube 230 extending from housing tube distal end 221.Illustratively, an extension of pre-formed curve 245 into a portion offlexible tube 230, e.g., a portion of flexible tube 230 extending fromhousing tube distal end 221, may be configured to curve flexible tube230. In one or more embodiments, a curving of flexible tube 230 may beconfigured to curve optic fiber 250.

In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 120may be configured to retract actuation ring 130 relative to handle base110. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 120 may beconfigured to actuate actuation ring 130 towards handle proximal end 102and away from housing tube platform 150. In one or more embodiments, adecompression of actuation structure 120 may be configured to retractactuation mechanism 210 relative to handle base 110. Illustratively, adecompression of actuation structure 120 may be configured to actuateactuation mechanism 210, e.g., within actuation mechanism guide 145,towards handle proximal end 102 and away from housing tube platform 150.

In one or more embodiments, a retraction of actuation mechanism 210relative to handle base 110, e.g., due to a decompression of actuationstructure 120, may be configured to retract wire 240 relative to housingtube 220. Illustratively, if wire 240 is discs posed within flexibletube 230 wherein a portion of pre-formed curve 245 is contained withinflexible tube 230, then a portion of pre-formed curve 245 may begenerally curved, e.g., causing flexible tube 230 to be curved. In oneor more embodiments, a retraction of wire 240 relative to housing tube220 may be configured to retract pre-formed curve 245 into a portion ofhousing tube, e.g., causing pre-formed curve 245 to be retracted out ofa potion of flexible tube 230 extending from housing tube distal end221. Illustratively, a retraction of pre-formed curve 245 out of aportion of flexible tube 230, e.g., a portion of flexible tube 230extending from housing tube distal end 221, may be configured tostraighten flexible tube 230. In one or more embodiments, astraightening of flexible tube 230 may be configured to straighten opticfiber 250.

FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, and 3E illustrate a gradual curving of an opticfiber 250. FIG. 3A illustrates a straight optic fiber 300. In one ormore embodiments, optic fiber 250 may comprise a straight optic fiber300, e.g., when actuation ring 130 is fully retracted relative to handlebase 110. Illustratively, optic fiber 250 may comprise a straight opticfiber 300, e.g., when actuation structure 120 is fully decompressed. Inone or more embodiments, optic fiber 250 may comprise a straight opticfiber 300, e.g., when wire 240 is fully retracted relative to housingtube 220. For example, optic fiber 250 may comprise a straight opticfiber 300 when pre-formed curve 245 is fully contained within housingtube 220. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 251may be parallel to a line tangent to housing tube proximal end 202,e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises a straight optic fiber 300.

FIG. 3B illustrates an optic fiber in a first curved position 310. Inone or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 120 may beconfigured to gradually curve optic fiber 250 from a straight opticfiber 300 to an optic fiber in a first curved position 310.Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 120 may beconfigured to gradually extend wire 240 relative to housing tube 220. Inone or more embodiments, a gradual extension of wire 240 relative tohousing tube 220 may be configured to gradually extend a portion ofpre-formed curve 245 into a portion of flexible tube 230, e.g., aportion of flexible tube 230 projecting out of housing tube distal end221. Illustratively, a gradual extension of wire 240 into flexible tube230, e.g., due to a compression of actuation structure 120, may beconfigured to cause wire 240 to gradually curve flexible tube 230. Inone or more embodiments, a gradual curving of flexible tube 230 may beconfigured to gradually curve optic fiber 250, e.g., from a straightoptic fiber 300 to an optic fiber in a first curved position 310.Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 251 mayintersect a line tangent to housing tube proximal end 202 at a firstangle, e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises an optic fiber in a firstcurved position 310. In one or more embodiments, the first angle maycomprise any angle greater than zero degrees. For example, the firstangle may comprise a 45 degree angle.

FIG. 3C illustrates an optic fiber in a second curved position 320. Inone or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 120 may beconfigured to gradually curve optic fiber 250 from an optic fiber in afirst curved position 310 to an optic fiber in a second curved position320. Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 120 may beconfigured to gradually extend wire 240 relative to housing tube 220. Inone or more embodiments, a gradual extension of wire 240 relative tohousing tube 220 may be configured to gradually extend a portion ofpre-formed curve 245 into a portion of flexible tube 230, e.g., aportion of flexible tube 230 projecting out of housing tube distal end221. Illustratively, a gradual extension of wire 240 into flexible tube230, e.g., due to a compression of actuation structure 120, may beconfigured to cause wire 240 to gradually curve flexible tube 230. Inone or more embodiments, a gradual curving of flexible tube 230 may beconfigured to gradually curve optic fiber 250, e.g., from an optic fiberin a first curved position 310 to an optic fiber in a second curvedposition 320. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end251 may intersect a line tangent to housing tube proximal end 202 at asecond angle, e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises an optic fiber in asecond curved position 320. In one or more embodiments, the second anglemay comprise any angle greater than the first angle. For example, thesecond angle may comprise a 90 degree angle.

FIG. 3D illustrates an optic fiber in a third curved position 330. Inone or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 120 may beconfigured to gradually curve optic fiber 250 from an optic fiber in asecond curved position 320 to an optic fiber in a third curved position330. Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 120 may beconfigured to gradually extend wire 240 relative to housing tube 220. Inone or more embodiments, a gradual extension of wire 240 relative tohousing tube 220 may be configured to gradually extend a portion ofpre-formed curve 245 into a portion of flexible tube 230, e.g., aportion of flexible tube 230 projecting out of housing tube distal end221. Illustratively, a gradual extension of wire 240 into flexible tube230, e.g., due to a compression of actuation structure 120, may beconfigured to cause wire 240 to gradually curve flexible tube 230. Inone or more embodiments, a gradual curving of flexible tube 230 may beconfigured to gradually curve optic fiber 250, e.g., from an optic fiberin a second curved position 320 to an optic fiber in a third curvedposition 330. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end251 may intersect a line tangent to housing tube proximal end 202 at athird angle, e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises an optic fiber in athird curved position 330. In one or more embodiments, the third anglemay comprise any angle greater than the second angle. For example, thethird angle may comprise a 135 degree angle.

FIG. 3E illustrates an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 340. Inone or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 120 may beconfigured to gradually curve optic fiber 250 from an optic fiber in athird curved position 330 to an optic fiber in a fourth curved position340. Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 120 may beconfigured to gradually extend wire 240 relative to housing tube 220. Inone or more embodiments, a gradual extension of wire 240 relative tohousing tube 220 may be configured to gradually extend a portion ofpre-formed curve 245 into a portion of flexible tube 230, e.g., aportion of flexible tube 230 projecting out of housing tube distal end221. Illustratively, a gradual extension of wire 240 into flexible tube230, e.g., due to a compression of actuation structure 120, may beconfigured to cause wire 240 to gradually curve flexible tube 230. Inone or more embodiments, a gradual curving of flexible tube 230 may beconfigured to gradually curve optic fiber 250, e.g., from an optic fiberin a third curved position 330 to an optic fiber in a fourth curvedposition 340. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end251 may be parallel to a line tangent to housing tube proximal end 202,e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises an optic fiber in a fourth curvedposition 340.

In one or more embodiments, one or more properties of a steerable laserprobe may be adjusted to attain one or more desired steerable laserprobe features. Illustratively, one or more steerable laser probecomponents may be manufactured as a single component. In one or moreembodiments, housing tube 220 and flexible tube 230 may be manufacturedas a single unit. Illustratively, a length that housing tube 220 extendsfrom housing tube platform 150 or a length that flexible tube 230extends from housing tube distal end 221 may be adjusted to vary anamount of compression of actuation structure 120 configured to curveflexible tube 230 to a particular curved position. In one or moreembodiments, a stiffness of flexible tube 230 may be adjusted to vary anamount of compression of actuation structure 120 configured to curveflexible tube 230 to a particular curved position. Illustratively, astiffness of wire 240 may be adjusted to vary an amount of compressionof actuation structure 120 configured to curve flexible tube 230 to aparticular curved position. In one or more embodiments, a geometry ofactuation structure 120 may be adjusted to vary an amount of compressionof actuation structure 120 configured to curve flexible tube 230 to aparticular curved position. Illustratively, a geometry of pre-formedcurve 245 may be adjusted to vary an amount of compression of actuationstructure 120 configured to curve flexible tube 230 to a particularcurved position. For example, a length of wire 240 may be adjusted tovary an amount of compression of actuation structure 120 configured tocurve flexible tube 230 to a particular curved position. In one or moreembodiments, a portion of optic fiber 250 may be enclosed in an opticfiber sleeve configured to, e.g., protect optic fiber 250, vary astiffness of optic fiber 250, vary an optical property of optic fiber250, etc.

FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, and 4E illustrate a gradual straightening of anoptic fiber 250. FIG. 4A illustrates a fully curved optic fiber 400. Inone or more embodiments, optic fiber 250 may comprise a fully curvedoptic fiber 400, e.g., when actuation ring 130 is fully extendedrelative to handle base 110. Illustratively, optic fiber 250 maycomprise a fully curved optic fiber 400, e.g., when actuation structure120 is fully compressed. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 250 maycomprise a fully curved optic fiber 400, e.g., when wire 240 is fullyextended relative to housing tube 220. For example, optic fiber 250 maycomprise a fully curved optic fiber 400 when pre-formed curve 245 isfully contained within flexible tube 230. Illustratively, a line tangentto optic fiber distal end 251 may be parallel to a line tangent tohousing tube proximal end 202, e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises afully curved optic fiber 400.

FIG. 4B illustrates an optic fiber in a first partially straightenedposition 410. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuationstructure 120 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 250from a fully curved optic fiber 400 to an optic fiber in a firstpartially straightened position 410. Illustratively, a decompression ofactuation structure 120 may be configured to gradually retract wire 240relative to housing tube 220. In one or more embodiments, a gradualretraction of wire 240 relative to housing tube 220 may be configured togradually retract a portion of pre-formed curve 245 out of a portion offlexible tube 230, e.g., a portion of flexible tube 230 projecting outof housing tube distal end 221. Illustratively, a gradual retraction ofwire 240 out of flexible tube 230, e.g., due to a decompression ofactuation structure 120, may be configured to gradually straightenflexible tube 230. In one or more embodiments, a gradual straighteningof flexible tube 230 may be configured to gradually straighten opticfiber 250, e.g., from a fully curved optic fiber 400 to an optic fiberin a first partially straightened position 410. Illustratively, a linetangent to optic fiber distal end 251 may intersect a line tangent tohousing tube proximal end 202 at a first partially straightened angle,e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises an optic fiber in a first partiallystraightened position 410. Illustratively, the first partiallystraightened angle may comprise any angle less than 180 degrees. Forexample, the first partially straightened angle may comprise a 135degree angle.

FIG. 4C illustrates an optic fiber in a second partially straightenedposition 420. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuationstructure 120 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 250from an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 410 to anoptic fiber in a second partially straightened position 420.Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 120 may beconfigured to gradually retract wire 240 relative to housing tube 220.In one or more embodiments, a gradual retraction of wire 240 relative tohousing tube 220 may be configured to gradually retract a portion ofpre-formed curve 245 out of a portion of flexible tube 230, e.g., aportion of flexible tube 230 projecting out of housing tube distal end221. Illustratively, a gradual refraction of wire 240 out of flexibletube 230, e.g., due to a decompression of actuation structure 120, maybe configured to gradually straighten flexible tube 230. In one or moreembodiments, a gradual straightening of flexible tube 230 may beconfigured to gradually straighten optic fiber 250, e.g., from an opticfiber in a first partially straightened position 410 to an optic fiberin a second partially straightened position 420. Illustratively, a linetangent to optic fiber distal end 251 may intersect a line tangent tohousing tube proximal end 202 at a second partially straightened angle,e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises an optic fiber in a secondpartially straightened position 420. Illustratively, the secondpartially straightened angle may comprise any angle less than the firstpartially straightened angle. For example, the second partiallystraightened angle may comprise a 90 degree angle.

FIG. 4D illustrates an optic fiber in a third partially straightenedposition 430. In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuationstructure 120 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 250from an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 420 toan optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 430.Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 120 may beconfigured to gradually retract wire 240 relative to housing tube 220.In one or more embodiments, a gradual refraction of wire 240 relative tohousing tube 220 may be configured to gradually retract a portion ofpre-formed curve 245 out of a portion of flexible tube 230, e.g., aportion of flexible tube 230 projecting out of housing tube distal end221. Illustratively, a gradual retraction of wire 240 out of flexibletube 230, e.g., due to a decompression of actuation structure 120, maybe configured to gradually straighten flexible tube 230. In one or moreembodiments, a gradual straightening of flexible tube 230 may beconfigured to gradually straighten optic fiber 250, e.g., from an opticfiber in a second partially straightened position 420 to an optic fiberin a third partially straightened position 430. Illustratively, a linetangent to optic fiber distal end 251 may intersect a line tangent tohousing tube proximal end 202 at a third partially straightened angle,e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises an optic fiber in a third partiallystraightened position 430. Illustratively, the third partiallystraightened angle may comprise any angle less than the second partiallystraightened angle. For example, the third partially straightened anglemay comprise a 45 degree angle.

FIG. 4E illustrates an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 440.In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 120may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 250 from an opticfiber in a third partially straightened position 430 to an optic fiberin a fully straightened position 440. Illustratively, a decompression ofactuation structure 120 may be configured to gradually retract wire 240relative to housing tube 220. In one or more embodiments, a gradualretraction of wire 240 relative to housing tube 220 may be configured togradually retract a portion of pre-formed curve 245 out of a portion offlexible tube 230, e.g., a portion of flexible tube 230 projecting outof housing tube distal end 221. Illustratively, a gradual refraction ofwire 240 out of flexible tube 230, e.g., due to a decompression ofactuation structure 120, may be configured to gradually straightenflexible tube 230. In one or more embodiments, a gradual straighteningof flexible tube 230 may be configured to gradually straighten opticfiber 250, e.g., from an optic fiber in a third partially straightenedposition 430 to an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 440.Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 251 may beparallel to a line tangent to housing tube proximal end 202, e.g., whenoptic fiber 250 comprises an optic fiber in a fully straightenedposition 440.

Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 251 at any of aplurality of targets within an eye, e.g., to perform a photocoagulationprocedure. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiberdistal end 251 at any target within a particular transverse plane of theinner eye by, e.g., rotating handle 100 to orient flexible tube 230 inan orientation configured to cause a curvature of flexible tube 230within the particular transverse plane of the inner eye and varying anamount of compression of actuation structure 120. Illustratively, asurgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 251 at any target within aparticular sagittal plane of the inner eye by, e.g., rotating handle 100to orient flexible tube 230 in an orientation configured to cause acurvature of flexible tube 230 within the particular sagittal plane ofthe inner eye and varying an amount of compression of actuationstructure 120. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiberdistal end 251 at any target within a particular frontal plane of theinner eye by, e.g., varying an amount of compression of actuationstructure 120 to orient a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 251wherein the line tangent to optic fiber distal end 251 is within theparticular frontal plane of the inner eye and rotating handle 100.Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 251 at anytarget located outside of the particular transverse plane, theparticular sagittal plane, and the particular frontal plane of the innereye, e.g., by varying a rotational orientation of handle 100 and varyingan amount of compression of actuation structure 120. In one or moreembodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 251 at any targetof a plurality of targets within an eye, e.g., without increasing alength of a portion of a steerable laser probe within the eye.Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 251 at anytarget of a plurality of targets within an eye, e.g., without decreasinga length of a portion of a steerable laser probe within the eye.

FIGS. 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams illustrating a handle 500. FIG.5A illustrates a top view of handle 500. In one or more embodiments,handle 500 may comprise a handle distal end 501, a handle proximal end502, a handle base 505, an actuation structure 510, an actuationplatform 520, and a housing tube platform 525. Illustratively, actuationplatform 520 may comprise an actuation platform distal end 521 and anactuation platform proximal end 522. In one or more embodiments,actuation structure 510 may comprise a plurality of actuation arms 513.Illustratively, each actuation arm 513 may comprise at least oneextension mechanism 514. In one or more embodiments, each actuation arm513 may comprise an inverted actuation joint 515.

Illustratively, actuation structure 510 may be compressed, e.g., by anapplication of a compressive force to actuation structure 510. In one ormore embodiments, actuation structure 510 may be compressed by anapplication of one or more compressive forces located at one or morelocations around an outer perimeter of actuation structure 510.Illustratively, the one or more locations may comprise any of aplurality of locations around the outer perimeter of actuation structure510. For example, a surgeon may corns press actuation structure 510,e.g., by squeezing actuation structure 510. Illustratively, the surgeonmay compress actuation structure 510 by squeezing actuation structure510 at any particular location of a plurality of locations around anouter perimeter of actuation structure 510. For example, a surgeon mayrotate handle 500 and compress actuation structure 510 from anyrotational position of a plurality of rotational positions of handle500.

In one or more embodiments, actuation structure 510 may be compressed byan application of a compressive force to any one or more of theplurality of actuation arms 513. Illustratively, each actuation arm 513may be configured to actuate independently. In one or more embodiments,each actuation arm 513 may be connected to one or more of the pluralityof actuation arms 513 wherein an actuation of a particular actuation arm513 may be configured to actuate every actuation arm 513 of theplurality of actuation arms 513. In one or more embodiments, acompression of actuation structure 510, e.g., due to an application of acompressive force to a particular actuation arm 513, may be configuredto actuate the particular actuation arm 513. Illustratively, anactuation of the particular actuation arm 513 may be configured toactuate every actuation arm 513 of the plurality of actuation arms 513.In one or more embodiments, an application of a compressive force to aparticular actuation arm 513 may be configured to extend at least oneextension mechanism 514 of the particular actuation arm 513.

Illustratively, an application of a compressive force to a particularactuation arm 513 may be configured to retract actuation platform 520relative to handle base 505. In one or more embodiments, as a particularactuation arm 513 is compressed, e.g., due to an application of acompressive force to the particular actuation arm 513, an invertedactuation joint 515 of the particular actuation arm 513 may beconfigured to gradually retract actuation platform 520 relative tohandle base 505. For example, when a compressive force is applied to aparticular actuation arm 513, e.g., and the particular actuation arm 513is extended by at least one extension mechanism 514 of the particularactuation arm 513, an inverted actuation joint 515 of the particularactuation arm 513 may be configured to retract actuation platform 520relative to handle base 505.

FIG. 5B illustrates a cross-sectional view of handle 500. In one or moreembodiments, handle 500 may comprise an inner bore 560, an inner boreproximal taper 561, an actuation mechanism housing 535, an inner boredistal chamber 562, and a wire guide 590. Handle 500 may be manufacturedfrom any suitable material, e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc.,or from any combination of suitable materials.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of asteerable laser probe assembly 600. In one or more embodiments,steerable laser probe assembly 600 may comprise a handle 500; anactuation mechanism 610; a housing tube 220 having a housing tube distalend 221 and a housing tube proximal end 222; a flexible tube 230 havinga flexible tube distal end 231 and a flexible tube proximal end 232; awire 240 having a wire distal end 241, a wire proximal end 242, and apre-formed curve 245; an optic fiber 250 having an optic fiber distalend 251 and an optic fiber proximal end 252; and a light sourceinterface 260. Illustratively, light source interface 260 may beconfigured to interface with optic fiber 250, e.g., at optic fiberproximal end 252. In one or more embodiments, light source interface 260may comprise a standard light source connector, e.g., an SMA connector.

Illustratively, housing tube 220 may be fixed to housing tube platform525, e.g., housing tube proximal end 222 may be fixed to handle distalend 501. In one or more embodiments, housing tube 220 may be fixed tohousing tube platform 525, e.g., by an adhesive or by any other suitablefixation means. Illustratively, a portion of housing tube 220 may bedisposed within wire guide 590, e.g., housing tube proximal end 222 maybe disposed within wire guide 590. In one or more embodiments, a portionof housing tube 220 may be fixed within wire guide 590, e.g., by anadhesive or other any suitable fixation means. Housing tube 220 may bemanufactured from any suitable material, e.g., polymers, metals, metalalloys, etc., or from any combination of suitable materials.

In one or more embodiments, a portion of flexible tube 230 may bedisposed within housing tube 220, e.g., flexible tube proximal end 232may be disposed within housing tube 220. Illustratively, a portion offlexible tube 230 may extend from housing tube 220, e.g., flexible tubedistal end 231 may extend from housing tube distal end 221. In one ormore embodiments, a portion of flexible tube 230 may be fixed withinhousing tube 220, e.g., by an adhesive or any other suitable fixationmeans. Illustratively, a portion of flexible tube 230 may be disposedwithin a portion of housing tube 220. In one or more embodiments, aportion of flexible tube 230 may be disposed within wire guide 590,e.g., flexible tube proximal end 232 may be disposed within wire guide590. Illustratively, a portion of flexible tube 230 may be fixed withinwire guide 590, e.g., by an adhesive or any other suitable fixationmeans. In one or more embodiments, a portion of flexible tube 230 may befixed to housing tube platform 525, e.g., by an adhesive or any othersuitable fixation means. Flexible tube 230 may be manufactured from anysuitable material, e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or fromany combination of suitable materials.

Illustratively, optic fiber 250 may be disposed within inner bore 560,inner bore distal chamber 562, wire guide 590, housing tube 220, andflexible tube 230. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 250 may bedisposed within flexible tube 230 wherein optic fiber distal end 251 maybe adjacent to flexible tube distal end 231. Illustratively, a portionof optic fiber 250 may be fixed to an inner portion of flexible tube230, e.g., by an adhesive or any other suitable fixation means. In oneor more embodiments, a portion of optic fiber 250 may be fixed to aninner portion of housing tube 220, e.g., by an adhesive or any othersuitable fixation means. Illustratively, optic fiber 250 may beconfigured to transmit light, e.g., light from a light source.

In one or more embodiments, a portion of wire 240 may comprise a shapememory material, e.g., Nitinol. Illustratively, pre-formed curve 245 maycomprise a shape memory material, e.g., Nitinol. In one or moreembodiments, wire 240 may be disposed within actuation mechanism housing535, wire guide 590, and housing tube 220. Illustratively, a portion ofwire 240 may be disposed within flexible tube 230. In one or moreembodiments, actuation mechanism 610 may be housed within actuationmechanism housing 535. Illustratively, actuation mechanism 610 may beconfigured to fix a portion of wire 240, e.g., wire proximal end 242, ina position relative to actuation platform 520. In one or moreembodiments, actuation mechanism 610 may comprise a set screw configuredto fix wire 240 in a position relative to actuation platform 520, e.g.,by a press fit or any other suitable fixation means. Illustratively, aportion of wire 240, e.g., wire proximal end 242, may be fixed toactuation mechanism 610, e.g., by an adhesive or any other suitablefixation means. Wire 240 may be manufactured from any suitable material,e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or from any combination ofsuitable materials.

In one or more embodiments, a compression of action structure 510 may beconfigured to retract actuation platform 520, e.g., towards handleproximal end 502 and away from handle distal end 501. Illustratively, asaction structure 510 is compressed, e.g., due to an application of aforce to one or more actuation arms 513, one or more inverted actuationjoints 515 may be configured to apply a force to actuation platform 520.In one or more embodiments, an application of a force to actuationplatform 520 may be configured to actuate actuation platform 520 towardshandle proximal end 502 and away from handle distal end 501.Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 510 may beconfigured to actuate actuation mechanism 610 and actuation platform520, e.g., towards handle proximal end 502 and away from handle distalend 501.

In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 510 maybe configured to retract wire 240 relative to housing tube 220.Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 510 may beconfigured to retract a portion of pre-formed curve 245 into housingtube 220. In one or more embodiments, housing tube 220 may be configuredto generally straighten a portion of pre-formed curve 245, e.g., aportion of pre-formed curve 245 disposed within housing tube 220.Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 510 may beconfigured to retract a portion of pre-formed curve 245 into housingtube 220, e.g., out of a portion of flexible tube 230 extending fromhousing tube distal end 221, causing flexible tube 230 to graduallystraighten. In one or more embodiments, a gradual straightening offlexible tube 230 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber250.

In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 510may be configured to extend actuation platform 520, e.g., towards handledistal end 501 and away from handle proximal end 502. Illustratively, asaction structure 510 is decompressed, e.g., due to a reduction of aforce applied to one or more actuation arms 513, one or more invertedactuation joints 515 may be configured to reduce a force applied toactuation platform 520. In one or more embodiments, a reduction of aforce applied to actuation platform 520 may be configured to actuateactuation platform 520 towards handle distal end 501 and away fromhandle proximal end 502. Illustratively, a decompression of actuationstructure 510 may be configured to actuate actuation mechanism 610 andactuation platform 520, e.g., towards handle distal end 501 and awayfrom handle proximal end 502.

In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 510may be configured to extend wire 240 relative to housing tube 220.Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 510 may beconfigured to extend a portion of pre-formed curve 245 out from housingtube 220, e.g., out from housing tube distal end 221. In one or moreembodiments, housing tube 220 may be configured to generally straightena portion of pre-formed curve 245, e.g., a portion of pre-formed curve245 disposed within housing tube 220. Illustratively, a decompression ofactuation structure 510 may be configured to extend a portion ofpre-formed curve 245 out from housing tube 220, e.g., into a portion offlexible tube 230 extending from housing tube distal end 221, causingflexible tube 230 to gradually curve. In one or more embodiments, agradual curving of flexible tube 230 may be configured to graduallycurve optic fiber 250.

FIGS. 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D, and 7E illustrate a gradual curving of an opticfiber 250. FIG. 7A illustrates a straight optic fiber 700. In one ormore embodiments, optic fiber 250 may comprise a straight optic fiber700, e.g., when actuation platform 520 is fully refracted relative tohandle base 505. Illustratively, optic fiber 250 may comprise a straightoptic fiber 700, e.g., when actuation structure 510 is fully compressed.In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 250 may comprise a straightoptic fiber 700, e.g., when wire 240 is fully retracted relative tohousing tube 220. For example, optic fiber 250 may comprise a straightoptic fiber 700 when pre-formed curve 245 is fully contained withinhousing tube 220. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distalend 251 may be parallel to a line tangent to housing tube proximal end202, e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises a straight optic fiber 700.

FIG. 7B illustrates an optic fiber in a first curved position 710. Inone or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 510 maybe configured to gradually curve optic fiber 250 from a straight opticfiber 700 to an optic fiber in a first curved position 710.Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 510 may beconfigured to gradually extend wire 240 relative to housing tube 220. Inone or more embodiments, a gradual extension of wire 240 relative tohousing tube 220 may be configured to gradually extend a portion ofpre-formed curve 245 into a portion of flexible tube 230, e.g., aportion of flexible tube 230 projecting out of housing tube distal end221. Illustratively, a gradual extension of wire 240 into flexible tube230, e.g., due to a decompression of actuation structure 510, may beconfigured to cause wire 240 to gradually curve flexible tube 230. Inone or more embodiments, a gradual curving of flexible tube 230 may beconfigured to gradually curve optic fiber 250, e.g., from a straightoptic fiber 700 to an optic fiber in a first curved position 710.Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 251 mayintersect a line tangent to housing tube proximal end 202 at a firstangle, e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises an optic fiber in a firstcurved position 710. In one or more embodiments, the first angle maycomprise any angle greater than zero degrees. For example, the firstangle may comprise a 45 degree angle.

FIG. 7C illustrates an optic fiber in a second curved position 720. Inone or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 510 maybe configured to gradually curve optic fiber 250 from an optic fiber ina first curved position 710 to an optic fiber in a second curvedposition 720. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 510may be configured to gradually extend wire 240 relative to housing tube220. In one or more embodiments, a gradual extension of wire 240relative to housing tube 220 may be configured to gradually extend aportion of pre-formed curve 245 into a portion of flexible tube 230,e.g., a portion of flexible tube 230 projecting out of housing tubedistal end 221. Illustratively, a gradual extension of wire 240 intoflexible tube 230, e.g., due to a decompression of actuation structure510, may be configured to cause wire 240 to gradually curve flexibletube 230. In one or more embodiments, a gradual curving of flexible tube230 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 250, e.g., from anoptic fiber in a first curved position 710 to an optic fiber in a secondcurved position 720. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiberdistal end 251 may intersect a line tangent to housing tube proximal end202 at a second angle, e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises an opticfiber in a second curved position 720. In one or more embodiments, thesecond angle may comprise any angle greater than the first angle. Forexample, the second angle may comprise a 90 degree angle.

FIG. 7D illustrates an optic fiber in a third curved position 730. Inone or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 510 maybe configured to gradually curve optic fiber 250 from an optic fiber ina second curved position 720 to an optic fiber in a third curvedposition 730. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 510may be configured to gradually extend wire 240 relative to housing tube220. In one or more embodiments, a gradual extension of wire 240relative to housing tube 220 may be configured to gradually extend aportion of pre-formed curve 245 into a portion of flexible tube 230,e.g., a portion of flexible tube 230 projecting out of housing tubedistal end 221. Illustratively, a gradual extension of wire 240 intoflexible tube 230, e.g., due to a decompression of actuation structure510, may be configured to cause wire 240 to gradually curve flexibletube 230. In one or more embodiments, a gradual curving of flexible tube230 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 250, e.g., from anoptic fiber in a second curved position 720 to an optic fiber in a thirdcurved position 730. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiberdistal end 251 may intersect a line tangent to housing tube proximal end202 at a third angle, e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises an opticfiber in a third curved position 730. In one or more embodiments, thethird angle may comprise any angle greater than the second angle. Forexample, the third angle may comprise a 135 degree angle.

FIG. 7E illustrates an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 740. Inone or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 510 maybe configured to gradually curve optic fiber 250 from an optic fiber ina third curved position 730 to an optic fiber in a fourth curvedposition 740. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 510may be configured to gradually extend wire 240 relative to housing tube220. In one or more embodiments, a gradual extension of wire 240relative to housing tube 220 may be configured to gradually extend aportion of pre-formed curve 245 into a portion of flexible tube 230,e.g., a portion of flexible tube 230 projecting out of housing tubedistal end 221. Illustratively, a gradual extension of wire 240 intoflexible tube 230, e.g., due to a decompression of actuation structure510, may be configured to cause wire 240 to gradually curve flexibletube 230. In one or more embodiments, a gradual curving of flexible tube230 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber 250, e.g., from anoptic fiber in a third curved position 730 to an optic fiber in a fourthcurved position 740. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiberdistal end 251 may be parallel to a line tangent to housing tubeproximal end 202, e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises an optic fiber ina fourth curved position 740.

In one or more embodiments, one or more properties of a steerable laserprobe may be adjusted to attain one or more desired steerable laserprobe features. Illustratively, one or more steerable laser probecomponents may be manufactured as a single component. In one or moreembodiments, housing tube 220 and flexible tube 230 may be manufacturedas a single unit. Illustratively, a length that housing tube 220 extendsfrom housing tube platform 525 or a length that flexible tube 230extends from housing tube distal end 221 may be adjusted to vary anamount of decompression of actuation structure 510 configured to curveflexible tube 230 to a particular curved position. In one or moreembodiments, a stiffness of flexible tube 230 may be adjusted to vary anamount of decompression of actuation structure 510 configured to curveflexible tube 230 to a particular curved position. Illustratively, astiffness of wire 240 may be adjusted to vary an amount of decompressionof actuation structure 510 configured to curve flexible tube 230 to aparticular curved position. In one or more embodiments, a geometry ofactuation structure 510 may be adjusted to vary an amount ofdecompression of actuation structure 510 configured to curve flexibletube 230 to a particular curved position. Illustratively, a geometry ofpre-formed curve 245 may be adjusted to vary an amount of decompressionof actuation structure 510 configured to curve flexible tube 230 to aparticular curved position. For example, a length of wire 240 may beadjusted to vary an amount of decompression of actuation structure 510configured to curve flexible tube 230 to a particular curved position.In one or more embodiments, a portion of optic fiber 250 may be enclosedin an optic fiber sleeve configured to, e.g., protect optic fiber 250,vary a stiffness of optic fiber 250, vary an optical property of opticfiber 250, etc.

FIGS. 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, and 8E illustrate a gradual straightening of anoptic fiber 250. FIG. 8A illustrates a fully curved optic fiber 800. Inone or more embodiments, optic fiber 250 may comprise a fully curvedoptic fiber 800, e.g., when actuation platform 520 is fully extendedrelative to handle base 505. Illustratively, optic fiber 250 maycomprise a fully curved optic fiber 800, e.g., when actuation structure510 is fully decompressed. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 250may comprise a fully curved optic fiber 800, e.g., when wire 240 isfully extended relative to housing tube 220. For example, optic fiber250 may comprise a fully curved optic fiber 800 when pre-formed curve245 is fully contained within flexible tube 230. Illustratively, a linetangent to optic fiber distal end 251 may be parallel to a line tangentto housing tube proximal end 202, e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises afully curved optic fiber 800.

FIG. 8B illustrates an optic fiber in a first partially straightenedposition 810. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuationstructure 510 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 250from a fully curved optic fiber 800 to an optic fiber in a firstpartially straightened position 810. Illustratively, a compression ofactuation structure 510 may be configured to gradually retract wire 240relative to housing tube 220. In one or more embodiments, a gradualretraction of wire 240 relative to housing tube 220 may be configured togradually retract a portion of pre-formed curve 245 out of a portion offlexible tube 230, e.g., a portion of flexible tube 230 projecting outof housing tube distal end 221. Illustratively, a gradual retraction ofwire 240 out of flexible tube 230, e.g., due to a compression ofactuation structure 510, may be configured to gradually straightenflexible tube 230. In one or more embodiments, a gradual straighteningof flexible tube 230 may be configured to gradually straighten opticfiber 250, e.g., from a fully curved optic fiber 800 to an optic fiberin a first partially straightened position 810. Illustratively, a linetangent to optic fiber distal end 251 may intersect a line tangent tohousing tube proximal end 202 at a first partially straightened angle,e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises an optic fiber in a first partiallystraightened position 810. Illustratively, the first partiallystraightened angle may comprise any angle less than 180 degrees. Forexample, the first partially straightened angle may comprise a 135degree angle.

FIG. 8C illustrates an optic fiber in a second partially straightenedposition 820. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuationstructure 510 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 250from an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 810 to anoptic fiber in a second partially straightened position 820.Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 510 may beconfigured to gradually retract wire 240 relative to housing tube 220.In one or more embodiments, a gradual retraction of wire 240 relative tohousing tube 220 may be configured to gradually retract a portion ofpre-formed curve 245 out of a portion of flexible tube 230, e.g., aportion of flexible tube 230 projecting out of housing tube distal end221. Illustratively, a gradual retraction of wire 240 out of flexibletube 230, e.g., due to a compression of actuation structure 510, may beconfigured to gradually straighten flexible tube 230. In one or moreembodiments, a gradual straightening of flexible tube 230 may beconfigured to gradually straighten optic fiber 250, e.g., from an opticfiber in a first partially straightened position 810 to an optic fiberin a second partially straightened position 820. Illustratively, a linetangent to optic fiber distal end 251 may intersect a line tangent tohousing tube proximal end 202 at a second partially straightened angle,e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises an optic fiber in a secondpartially straightened position 820. Illustratively, the secondpartially straightened angle may comprise any angle less than the firstpartially straightened angle. For example, the second partiallystraightened angle may comprise a 90 degree angle.

FIG. 8D illustrates an optic fiber in a third partially straightenedposition 830. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuationstructure 510 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 250from an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 820 toan optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 830.Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 510 may beconfigured to gradually retract wire 240 relative to housing tube 220.In one or more embodiments, a gradual retraction of wire 240 relative tohousing tube 220 may be configured to gradually retract a portion ofpre-formed curve 245 out of a portion of flexible tube 230, e.g., aportion of flexible tube 230 projecting out of housing tube distal end221. Illustratively, a gradual refraction of wire 240 out of flexibletube 230, e.g., due to a compression of actuation structure 510, may beconfigured to gradually straighten flexible tube 230. In one or moreembodiments, a gradual straightening of flexible tube 230 may beconfigured to gradually straighten optic fiber 250, e.g., from an opticfiber in a second partially straightened position 820 to an optic fiberin a third partially straightened position 830. Illustratively, a linetangent to optic fiber distal end 251 may intersect a line tangent tohousing tube proximal end 202 at a third partially straightened angle,e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises an optic fiber in a third partiallystraightened position 830. Illustratively, the third partiallystraightened angle may comprise any angle less than the second partiallystraightened angle. For example, the third partially straightened anglemay comprise a 45 degree angle.

FIG. 8E illustrates an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 840.In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 510 maybe configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 250 from an opticfiber in a third partially straightened position 830 to an optic fiberin a fully straightened position 840. Illustratively, a compression ofactuation structure 510 may be configured to gradually retract wire 240relative to housing tube 220. In one or more embodiments, a gradualretraction of wire 240 relative to housing tube 220 may be configured togradually retract a portion of pre-formed curve 245 out of a portion offlexible tube 230, e.g., a portion of flexible tube 230 projecting outof housing tube distal end 221. Illustratively, a gradual refraction ofwire 240 out of flexible tube 230, e.g., due to a compression ofactuation structure 510, may be configured to gradually straightenflexible tube 230. In one or more embodiments, a gradual straighteningof flexible tube 230 may be configured to gradually straighten opticfiber 250, e.g., from an optic fiber in a third partially straightenedposition 830 to an optic fiber in a fully straightened position 840.Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 251 may beparallel to a line tangent to housing tube proximal end 202, e.g., whenoptic fiber 250 comprises an optic fiber in a fully straightenedposition 840.

Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 251 at any of aplurality of targets within an eye, e.g., to perform a photocoagulationprocedure. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiberdistal end 251 at any target within a particular transverse plane of theinner eye by, e.g., rotating handle 500 to orient flexible tube 230 inan orientation configured to cause a curvature of flexible tube 230within the particular transverse plane of the inner eye and varying anamount of decompression of actuation structure 510. Illustratively, asurgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 251 at any target within aparticular sagittal plane of the inner eye by, e.g., rotating handle 500to orient flexible tube 230 in an orientation configured to cause acurvature of flexible tube 230 within the particular sagittal plane ofthe inner eye and varying an amount of decompression of actuationstructure 510. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiberdistal end 251 at any target within a particular frontal plane of theinner eye by, e.g., varying an amount of decompression of actuationstructure 510 to orient a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 251wherein the line tangent to optic fiber distal end 251 is within theparticular frontal plane of the inner eye and rotating handle 500.Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 251 at anytarget located outside of the particular transverse plane, theparticular sagittal plane, and the particular frontal plane of the innereye, e.g., by varying a rotational orientation of handle 500 and varyingan amount of decompression of actuation structure 510. In one or moreembodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 251 at any targetof a plurality of targets within an eye, e.g., without increasing alength of a portion of a steerable laser probe within the eye.Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 251 at anytarget of a plurality of targets within an eye, e.g., without decreasinga length of a portion of a steerable laser probe within the eye.

FIGS. 9A and 9B are schematic diagrams illustrating a handle 900. FIG.9A illustrates a top view of handle 900. Illustratively, handle 900 maycomprise a handle distal end 901, a handle proximal end 902, a handlebase 910, an actuation structure 920 having an actuation structuredistal end 921 and an actuation structure proximal end 922, and anactuation ring 930. In one or more embodiments, actuation structure 920may comprise a plurality of actuation arms 925. Illustratively, eachactuation arm 925 may comprise at least one extension mechanism 926. Inone or more embodiments, actuation structure 920 may comprise a shapememory material configured to project actuation structure distal end 921a first distance from actuation structure proximal end 922, e.g., whenactuation structure 920 is fully decompressed. Illustratively, actuationstructure 920 may comprise a shape memory material configured to projectactuation structure distal end 921 a second distance from actuationstructure proximal end 922, e.g., when actuation structure 920 is fullycompressed. In one or more embodiments, the second distance fromactuation structure proximal end 922 may be greater than the firstdistance from actuation structure proximal end 922. Actuation structure920 may be manufactured from any suitable material, e.g., polymers,metals, metal alloys, etc., or from any combination of suitablematerials.

Illustratively, actuation structure 920 may be compressed by anapplication of a compressive force to actuation structure 920. In one ormore embodiments, actuation structure 920 may be compressed by anapplication of one or more compressive forces located at one or morelocations around an outer perimeter of actuation structure 920.Illustratively, the one or more locations may comprise any of aplurality of locations around the outer perimeter of actuation structure920. For example, a surgeon may compress actuation structure 920, e.g.,by squeezing actuation structure 920. Illustratively, the surgeon maycompress actuation structure 920 by squeezing actuation structure 920 atany particular location of a plurality of locations around an outerperimeter of actuation structure 920. For example, a surgeon may rotatehandle 900 and compress actuation structure 920 from any rotationalposition of a plurality of rotational positions of handle 900.

In one or more embodiments, actuation structure 920 may be compressed byan application of a compressive force to any one or more of theplurality of actuation arms 925. Illustratively, each actuation arm 925may be configured to actuate independently. In one or more embodiments,each actuation arm 925 may be connected to one or more of the pluralityof actuation arms 925 wherein an actuation of a particular actuation arm925 may be configured to actuate every actuation arm 925 of theplurality of actuation arms 925. Illustratively, one or more actuationarms 925 may be configured to actuate in pairs or groups. For example,an actuation of a first actuation arm 925 may be configured to actuate asecond actuation arm 925.

In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 920,e.g., due to an application of a compressive force to a particularactuation arm 925, may be configured to actuate the particular actuationarm 925. Illustratively, an actuation of the particular actuation arm925 may be configured to actuate every actuation arm 925 of theplurality of actuation arms 925. In one or more embodiments, anapplication of a compressive force to a particular actuation arm 925 maybe configured to extend at least one extension mechanism 926 of theparticular actuation arm 925. Illustratively, a particular actuation arm925 may be configured to extend a first length from handle base 910. Inone or more embodiments, an extension of an extension mechanism 926 ofthe particular actuation arm 925, e.g., due to an application of acompressive force to the particular actuation arm 925, may be configuredto extend the particular actuation arm 925 a second length from handlebase 910. Illustratively, the second length from handle base 910 may begreater than the first length from handle base 910.

In one or more embodiments, actuation ring 930 may be fixed to actuationstructure distal end 921. Illustratively, a compression of actuationstructure 920 may be configured to gradually extend actuation ring 930from handle base 910. For example, actuation ring 930 may be configuredto extend a first distance from actuation structure proximal end 922,e.g., when actuation structure 920 is fully decompressed. In one or moreembodiments, actuation ring 930 may be configured to extend a seconddistance from actuation structure proximal end 922, e.g., due to acompression of actuation structure 920. Illustratively, the seconddistance from actuation structure proximal end 922 may be greater thanthe first distance from actuation structure proximal end 922.

FIG. 9B illustrates a cross-sectional view of handle 900. In one or moreembodiments, handle 900 may comprise a wire fixation mechanism housing940, an inner bore 960, an inner bore proximal taper 961, an inner boredistal chamber 962, an optic fiber guide 963, and a wire proximal endhousing 964. Handle 900 may be manufactured from any suitable material,e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or from any combination ofsuitable materials.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exploded view of asteerable laser probe assembly 1000. In one or more embodiments,steerable laser probe assembly 1000 may comprise a handle 900; a wirefixation mechanism 1010; a nosecone fixation mechanism 1015; an innernosecone 1020 having an inner nosecone distal end 1021 and an innernosecone proximal end 1022; an outer nosecone 1030 having an outernosecone distal end 1031 and an outer nosecone proximal end 1032; ahousing tube 220 having a housing tube distal end 221 and a housing tubeproximal end 222; a flexible tube 230 having a flexible tube distal end231 and a flexible tube proximal end 232; a wire 240 having a wiredistal end 241, a wire proximal end 242, and a pre-formed curve 245; anoptic fiber 250 having an optic fiber distal end 251 and an optic fiberproximal end 252; and a light source interface 260. Illustratively,light source interface 260 may be configured to interface with opticfiber 250, e.g., at optic fiber proximal end 252. In one or moreembodiments, light source interface 260 may comprise a standard lightsource connector, e.g., an SMA connector.

Illustratively, inner nosecone 1020 may be fixed to outer nosecone 1030,e.g., inner nosecone proximal end 1022 may be fixed to outer noseconedistal end 1031. In one or more embodiments, a portion of inner nosecone1020 may be disposed within a portion of outer nosecone 1030, e.g.,inner nosecone proximal end 1022 may be disposed within outer nosecone1030. Illustratively, a portion of inner nosecone 1020 may be disposedwithin a portion of outer nosecone 1030 wherein inner nosecone 1020 isfixed to outer nosecone 1030. In one or more embodiments, inner nosecone1020 may be fixed to outer nosecone 1030, e.g., by an adhesive or anyother suitable fixation means. Illustratively, nosecone fixationmechanism 1015 may be configured to fix inner nosecone 1020 to outernosecone 1030. For example, nosecone fixation mechanism 1015 maycomprise a set screw configured to firmly attach inner nosecone 1020 toouter nosecone 1030. In one or more embodiments, inner nosecone 1020 andouter nosecone 1030 may be manufactured as a single unit. Inner nosecone1020 and outer nosecone 1030 may be manufactured from any suitablematerial, e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or from anycombination of suitable materials.

Illustratively, outer nosecone 1030 may be fixed to actuation structure920, e.g., outer nosecone proximal end 1032 may be fixed to handledistal end 901. In one or more embodiments, a portion of outer nosecone1030 may be disposed within actuation ring 930, e.g., outer noseconeproximal end 1032 may be disposed within actuation ring 930.Illustratively, a portion of outer nosecone 1030 may be disposed withinactuation ring 930 wherein outer nosecone 1030 is fixed to actuationring 930. In one or more embodiments, outer nosecone 1030 may be fixedto actuation structure 920, e.g., by an adhesive or any other suitablefixation means.

Illustratively, housing tube 220 may be fixed to inner nosecone 1020,e.g., housing tube proximal end 222 may be fixed to inner noseconedistal end 1021. In one or more embodiments, housing tube 220 may befixed to inner nosecone 1020, e.g., by an adhesive or by any othersuitable fixation means. Illustratively, a portion of housing tube 220may be disposed within a portion of inner nosecone 1020, e.g., housingtube proximal end 222 may be disposed within inner nosecone 1020. In oneor more embodiments, a portion of housing tube 220 may be fixed withininner nosecone 1020, e.g., by an adhesive or other any suitable fixationmeans. Housing tube 220 may be manufactured from any suitable material,e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or from any combination ofsuitable materials.

In one or more embodiments, a portion of flexible tube 230 may bedisposed within housing tube 220, e.g., flexible tube proximal end 232may be disposed within housing tube 220. Illustratively, a portion offlexible tube 230 may extend from housing tube 220, e.g., flexible tubedistal end 231 may extend from housing tube distal end 221. In one ormore embodiments, a portion of flexible tube 230 may be fixed withinhousing tube 220, e.g., by an adhesive or any other suitable fixationmeans. Illustratively, a portion of flexible tube 230 may be disposedwithin a portion of housing tube 220. In one or more embodiments, aportion of flexible tube 230 may be disposed within inner nosecone 1020,e.g., flexible tube proximal end 232 may be disposed within innernosecone 1020. Illustratively, a portion of flexible tube 230 may befixed within inner nosecone 1020, e.g., by an adhesive or any othersuitable fixation means. Flexible tube 230 may be manufactured from anysuitable material, e.g., polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or fromany combination of suitable materials.

Illustratively, optic fiber 250 may be disposed within inner bore 960,optic fiber guide 963, inner bore distal chamber 962, housing tube 220,and flexible tube 230. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 250 maybe disposed within flexible tube 230 wherein optic fiber distal end 251may be adjacent to flexible tube distal end 231. Illustratively, aportion of optic fiber 250 may be fixed to an inner portion of flexibletube 230, e.g., by an adhesive or any other suitable fixation means. Inone or more embodiments, a portion of optic fiber 250 may be fixed to aninner portion of housing tube 220, e.g., by an adhesive or any othersuitable fixation means. Illustratively, optic fiber 250 may beconfigured to transmit light, e.g., light from a light source.

In one or more embodiments, a portion of wire 240 may comprise a shapememory material, e.g., Nitinol. Illustratively, pre-formed curve 245 maycomprise a shape memory material, e.g., Nitinol. In one or moreembodiments, wire 240 may be disposed within wire proximal end housing964, inner bore distal chamber 962, and housing tube 220.Illustratively, a portion of wire 240 may be disposed within flexibletube 230. In one or more embodiments, wire fixation mechanism 1010 maybe disposed within wire fixation mechanism housing 940. For example, aportion of wire fixation mechanism 1010 may be disposed within wireproximal end housing 964. Illustratively, wire fixation mechanism 1010may be configured to fix a portion of wire 240, e.g., wire proximal end242, in a position relative to handle 900. In one or more embodiments,wire fixation mechanism 1010 may comprise a set screw configured to fixwire 240 in a position relative to handle 900, e.g., by a press fit orany other suitable fixation means. Illustratively, a portion of wire240, e.g., wire proximal end 242, may be fixed to wire fixationmechanism 1010, e.g., by an adhesive or any other suitable fixationmeans. Wire 240 may be manufactured from any suitable material, e.g.,polymers, metals, metal alloys, etc., or from any combination ofsuitable materials.

In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure 920 maybe configured to extend actuation ring 930 relative to handle base 910.Illustratively, an extension of actuation ring 930 relative to handlebase 910 may be configured to extend outer nosecone 1030, inner nosecone1020, housing tube 220, and flexible tube 230 relative to handle base910. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure920 may be configured to actuate housing tube 220 relative to wire 240.Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 920 may beconfigured to extend housing tube 220 relative to wire 240. In one ormore embodiments, an extension of housing tube 220 relative to wire 240may be configured to extend housing tube 220 over a portion ofpre-formed curve 245. Illustratively, an extension of housing tube 220over a portion of pre-formed curve 245 may be configured to generallystraighten a portion of pre-formed curve 245.

In one or more embodiments, a portion of pre-formed curve 245 may bedisposed within a portion of flexible tube 230, e.g., a portion offlexible tube 230 projecting from housing tube distal end 221, andflexible tube 230 may be curved by the portion of pre-formed curve 245disposed within flexible tube 230. Illustratively, an extension ofhousing tube 220 relative to wire 240, e.g., due to a compression ofactuation structure 920, may be configured to generally straighten aportion of pre-formed curve 245. In one or more embodiments, a generalstraightening of a portion of pre-formed curve 245 may be configured tostraighten flexible tube 230. Illustratively, a straightening offlexible tube 230 may be configured to straighten optic fiber 250.

In one or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 920may be configured to retract actuation ring 930 relative to handle base910. Illustratively, a retraction of actuation ring 930 relative tohandle base 910 may be configured to retract outer nosecone 1030, innernosecone 1020, housing tube 220, and flexible tube 230 relative tohandle base 910. In one or more embodiments, a decompression ofactuation structure 920 may be configured to actuate housing tube 220relative to wire 240. Illustratively, a decompression of actuationstructure 920 may be configured to retract housing tube 220 relative towire 240. In one or more embodiments, a retraction of housing tube 220relative to wire 240 may be configured to retract housing tube 220relative to a portion of pre-formed curve 245. For example, a retractionof housing tube 220 may be configured to expose a portion of pre-formedcurve 245, e.g., a generally straightened portion of pre-formed curve245, at housing tube distal end 221. Illustratively, a refraction ofhousing tube 220 relative to a generally straightened portion ofpre-formed curve 245 may be configured to gradually expose the generallystraightened portion of pre-formed curve 245 at housing tube distal end221 causing the generally straightened portion of pre-formed curve 245to gradually curve.

In one or more embodiments, a portion of pre-formed curve 245 maydisposed within housing tube 220 and the portion of pre-formed curve 245may be generally straightened by housing tube 220. Illustratively, aretraction of housing tube 220 relative to wire 240, e.g., due to adecompression of actuation structure 920, may be configured to graduallycurve the portion of pre-formed curve 245, e.g., as the portion ofpre-formed curved 245 is exposed by housing tube 220. In one or moreembodiments, a gradual curving of a portion of pre-formed curve 245 maybe configured to gradually curve flexible tube 230. Illustratively, agradual curving of flexible tube 230 may be configured to graduallycurve optic fiber 250.

FIGS. 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D, and 11E illustrate a gradual curving of anoptic fiber 250. FIG. 11A illustrates a straight optic fiber 1100. Inone or more embodiments, optic fiber 250 may comprise a straight opticfiber 1100, e.g., when actuation ring 930 is fully extended relative tohandle base 910. Illustratively, optic fiber 250 may comprise a straightoptic fiber 1100, e.g., when actuation structure 920 is fullycompressed. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 250 may comprise astraight optic fiber 1100, e.g., when housing tube 220 is fully extendedrelative to wire 240. For example, optic fiber 250 may comprise astraight optic fiber 1100 when pre-formed curve 245 is fully containedwithin housing tube 220. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiberdistal end 251 may be parallel to a line tangent to housing tubeproximal end 202, e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises a straight opticfiber 1100.

FIG. 11B illustrates an optic fiber in a first curved position 1110. Inone or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 920 maybe configured to gradually curve optic fiber 250 from a straight opticfiber 1100 to an optic fiber in a first curved position 1110.Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure 920 may beconfigured to gradually retract housing tube 220 relative to wire 240.In one or more embodiments, a gradual retraction of housing tube 220relative to wire 240 may be configured to gradually expose a portion ofpre-formed curve 245 at housing tube distal end 221 causing the portionof pre-formed curve 245 to gradually curve. Illustratively, a gradualcurving of a portion of pre-formed curve 245, e.g., due to adecompression of actuation structure 920, may be configured to graduallycurve flexible tube 230. In one or more embodiments, a gradual curvingof flexible tube 230 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber250, e.g., from a straight optic fiber 1100 to an optic fiber in a firstcurved position 1110. Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiberdistal end 251 may intersect a line tangent to housing tube proximal end202 at a first angle, e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises an opticfiber in a first curved position 1110. In one or more embodiments, thefirst angle may comprise any angle greater than zero degrees. Forexample, the first angle may comprise a 45 degree angle.

FIG. 11C illustrates an optic fiber in a second curved position 1120. Inone or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 920 maybe configured to gradually curve optic fiber 250 from an optic fiber ina first curved position 1110 to an optic fiber in a second curvedposition 1120. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure920 may be configured to gradually retract housing tube 220 relative towire 240. In one or more embodiments, a gradual retraction of housingtube 220 relative to wire 240 may be configured to gradually expose aportion of pre-formed curve 245 at housing tube distal end 221 causingthe portion of pre-formed curve 245 to gradually curve. Illustratively,a gradual curving of a portion of pre-formed curve 245, e.g., due to adecompression of actuation structure 920, may be configured to graduallycurve flexible tube 230. In one or more embodiments, a gradual curvingof flexible tube 230 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber250, e.g., from an optic fiber in a first curved position 1110 to anoptic fiber in a second curved position 1120. Illustratively, a linetangent to optic fiber distal end 251 may intersect a line tangent tohousing tube proximal end 202 at a second angle, e.g., when optic fiber250 comprises an optic fiber in a second curved position 1120. In one ormore embodiments, the second angle may comprise any angle greater thanthe first angle. For example, the second angle may comprise a 90 degreeangle.

FIG. 11D illustrates an optic fiber in a third curved position 1130. Inone or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 920 maybe configured to gradually curve optic fiber 250 from an optic fiber ina second curved position 1120 to an optic fiber in a third curvedposition 1130. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure920 may be configured to gradually retract housing tube 220 relative towire 240. In one or more embodiments, a gradual retraction of housingtube 220 relative to wire 240 may be configured to gradually expose aportion of pre-formed curve 245 at housing tube distal end 221 causingthe portion of pre-formed curve 245 to gradually curve. Illustratively,a gradual curving of a portion of pre-formed curve 245, e.g., due to adecompression of actuation structure 920, may be configured to graduallycurve flexible tube 230. In one or more embodiments, a gradual curvingof flexible tube 230 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber250, e.g., from an optic fiber in a second curved position 1120 to anoptic fiber in a third curved position 1130. Illustratively, a linetangent to optic fiber distal end 251 may intersect a line tangent tohousing tube proximal end 202 at a third angle, e.g., when optic fiber250 comprises an optic fiber in a third curved position 1130. In one ormore embodiments, the third angle may comprise any angle greater thanthe second angle. For example, the third angle may comprise a 135 degreeangle.

FIG. 11E illustrates an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 1140. Inone or more embodiments, a decompression of actuation structure 920 maybe configured to gradually curve optic fiber 250 from an optic fiber ina third curved position 1130 to an optic fiber in a fourth curvedposition 1140. Illustratively, a decompression of actuation structure920 may be configured to gradually retract housing tube 220 relative towire 240. In one or more embodiments, a gradual retraction of housingtube 220 relative to wire 240 may be configured to gradually expose aportion of pre-formed curve 245 at housing tube distal end 221 causingthe portion of pre-formed curve 245 to gradually curve. Illustratively,a gradual curving of a portion of pre-formed curve 245, e.g., due to adecompression of actuation structure 920, may be configured to graduallycurve flexible tube 230. In one or more embodiments, a gradual curvingof flexible tube 230 may be configured to gradually curve optic fiber250, e.g., from an optic fiber in a third curved position 1130 to anoptic fiber in a fourth curved position 1140. Illustratively, a linetangent to optic fiber distal end 251 may be parallel to a line tangentto housing tube proxies mal end 202, e.g., when optic fiber 250comprises an optic fiber in a fourth curved position 1140.

In one or more embodiments, one or more properties of a steerable laserprobe may be adjusted to attain one or more desired steerable laserprobe features. Illustratively, one or more steerable laser probecomponents may be manufactured as a single component. In one or moreembodiments, housing tube 220 and flexible tube 230 may be manufacturedas a single unit. Illustratively, a length that housing tube 220 extendsfrom inner nosecone 1020 or a length that flexible tube 230 extends fromhousing tube distal end 221 may be adjusted to vary an amount ofdecompression of actuation structure 920 configured to curve flexibletube 230 to a particular curved position. In one or more embodiments, astiffness of flexible tube 230 may be adjusted to vary an amount ofdecompression of actuation structure 920 configured to curve flexibletube 230 to a particular curved position. Illustratively, a stiffness ofwire 240 may be adjusted to vary an amount of decompression of actuationstructure 920 configured to curve flexible tube 230 to a particularcurved position. In one or more embodiments, a geometry of actuationstructure 920 may be adjusted to vary an amount of decompression ofactuation structure 920 configured to curve flexible tube 230 to aparticular curved position. Illustratively, a geometry of pre-formedcurve 245 may be adjusted to vary an amount of decompression ofactuation structure 920 configured to curve flexible tube 230 to aparticular curved position. For example, a length of wire 240 may beadjusted to vary an amount of decompression of actuation structure 920configured to curve flexible tube 230 to a particular curved position.In one or more embodiments, a portion of optic fiber 250 may be enclosedin an optic fiber sleeve configured to, e.g., protect optic fiber 250,vary a stiffness of optic fiber 250, vary an optical property of opticfiber 250, etc.

FIGS. 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D, and 12E illustrate a gradual straightening ofan optic fiber 250. FIG. 12A illustrates a fully curved optic fiber1200. In one or more embodiments, optic fiber 250 may comprise a fullycurved optic fiber 1200, e.g., when actuation ring 930 is fullyrefracted relative to handle base 910. Illustratively, optic fiber 250may comprise a fully curved optic fiber 1200, e.g., when actuationstructure 920 is fully decompressed. In one or more embodiments, opticfiber 250 may comprise a fully curved optic fiber 1200, e.g., whenhousing tube 220 is fully retracted relative to wire 240. For example,optic fiber 250 may comprise a fully curved optic fiber 1200 whenpre-formed curve 245 is fully contained within flexible tube 230.Illustratively, a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 251 may beparallel to a line tangent to housing tube proximal end 202, e.g., whenoptic fiber 250 comprises a fully curved optic fiber 1200.

FIG. 12B illustrates an optic fiber in a first partially straightenedposition 1210. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuationstructure 920 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 250from a fully curved optic fiber 1200 to an optic fiber in a firstpartially straightened position 1210. Illustratively, a compression ofactuation structure 920 may be configured to gradually extend housingtube 220 relative to wire 240. In one or more embodiments, a gradualextension of housing tube 220 relative to wire 240 may be configured togradually extend housing tube distal end 221 over a portion ofpre-formed curve 245 causing the portion of pre-formed curve 245 togradually straighten. Illustratively, a gradual straightening of aportion of pre-formed curve 245, e.g., due to a compression of actuationstructure 920, may be configured to gradually straighten flexible tube230. In one or more embodiments, a gradual straightening of flexibletube 230 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 250,e.g., from a fully curved optic fiber 1200 to an optic fiber in a firstpartially straightened position 1210. Illustratively, a line tangent tooptic fiber distal end 251 may intersect a line tangent to housing tubeproximal end 202 at a first partially straightened angle, e.g., whenoptic fiber 250 comprises an optic fiber in a first partiallystraightened position 1210. Illustratively, the first partiallystraightened angle may comprise any angle less than 180 degrees. Forexample, the first partially straightened angle may comprise a 135degree angle.

FIG. 12C illustrates an optic fiber in a second partially straightenedposition 1220. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuationstructure 920 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 250from an optic fiber in a first partially straightened position 1210 toan optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 1220.Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 920 may beconfigured to gradually extend housing tube 220 relative to wire 240. Inone or more embodiments, a gradual extension of housing tube 220relative to wire 240 may be configured to gradually extend housing tubedistal end 221 over a portion of pre-formed curve 245 causing theportion of pre-formed curve 245 to gradually straighten. Illustratively,a gradual straightening of a portion of pre-formed curve 245, e.g., dueto a compression of actuation structure 920, may be configured togradually straighten flexible tube 230. In one or more embodiments, agradual straightening of flexible tube 230 may be configured togradually straighten optic fiber 250, e.g., from an optic fiber in afirst partially straightened position 1210 to an optic fiber in a secondpartially straightened position 1220. Illustratively, a line tangent tooptic fiber distal end 251 may intersect a line tangent to housing tubeproximal end 202 at a second partially straightened angle, e.g., whenoptic fiber 250 comprises an optic fiber in a second partiallystraightened position 1220. Illustratively, the second partiallystraightened angle may comprise any angle less than the first partiallystraightened angle. For example, the second partially straightened anglemay comprise a 90 degree angle.

FIG. 12D illustrates an optic fiber in a third partially straightenedposition 1230. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuationstructure 920 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 250from an optic fiber in a second partially straightened position 1220 toan optic fiber in a third partially straightened position 1230.Illustratively, a compression of actuation structure 920 may beconfigured to gradually extend housing tube 220 relative to wire 240. Inone or more embodiments, a gradual extension of housing tube 220relative to wire 240 may be configured to gradually extend housing tubedistal end 221 over a portion of pre-formed curve 245 causing theportion of pre-formed curve 245 to gradually straighten. Illustratively,a gradual straightening of a portion of pre-formed curve 245, e.g., dueto a compression of actuation structure 920, may be configured togradually straighten flexible tube 230. In one or more embodiments, agradual straightening of flexible tube 230 may be configured togradually straighten optic fiber 250, e.g., from an optic fiber in asecond partially straightened position 1220 to an optic fiber in a thirdpartially straightened position 1230. Illustratively, a line tangent tooptic fiber distal end 251 may intersect a line tangent to housing tubeproximal end 202 at a third partially straightened angle, e.g., whenoptic fiber 250 comprises an optic fiber in a third partiallystraightened position 1230. Illustratively, the third partiallystraightened angle may comprise any angle less than the second partiallystraightened angle. For example, the third partially straightened anglemay comprise a 45 degree angle.

FIG. 12E illustrates an optic fiber in a fully straightened position1240. In one or more embodiments, a compression of actuation structure920 may be configured to gradually straighten optic fiber 250 from anoptic fiber in a third partially straightened position 1230 to an opticfiber in a fully straightened position 1240. Illustratively, acompression of actuation structure 920 may be configured to graduallyextend housing tube 220 relative to wire 240. In one or moreembodiments, a gradual extension of housing tube 220 relative to wire240 may be configured to gradually extend housing tube distal end 221over a portion of pre-formed curve 245 causing the portion of pre-formedcurve 245 to gradually straighten. Illustratively, a gradualstraightening of a portion of pre-formed curve 245, e.g., due to acompression of actuation structure 920, may be configured to graduallystraighten flexible tube 230. In one or more embodiments, a gradualstraightening of flexible tube 230 may be configured to graduallystraighten optic fiber 250, e.g., from an optic fiber in a thirdpartially straightened position 1230 to an optic fiber in a fullystraightened position 1240. Illustratively, a line tangent to opticfiber distal end 251 may be parallel to a line tangent to housing tubeproximal end 202, e.g., when optic fiber 250 comprises an optic fiber ina fully straightened position 1240.

Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 251 at any of aplurality of targets within an eye, e.g., to perform a photocoagulationprocedure. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiberdistal end 251 at any target within a particular transverse plane of theinner eye by, e.g., rotating handle 900 to orient flexible tube 230 inan orientation configured to cause a curvature of flexible tube 230within the particular transverse plane of the inner eye and varying anamount of decompression of actuation structure 920. Illustratively, asurgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 251 at any target within aparticular sagittal plane of the inner eye by, e.g., rotating handle 900to orient flexible tube 230 in an orientation configured to cause acurvature of flexible tube 230 within the particular sagittal plane ofthe inner eye and varying an amount of decompression of actuationstructure 920. In one or more embodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiberdistal end 251 at any target within a particular frontal plane of theinner eye by, e.g., varying an amount of decompression of actuationstructure 920 to orient a line tangent to optic fiber distal end 251wherein the line tangent to optic fiber distal end 251 is within theparticular frontal plane of the inner eye and rotating handle 900.Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 251 at anytarget located outside of the particular transverse plane, theparticular sagittal plane, and the particular frontal plane of the innereye, e.g., by varying a rotational orientation of handle 900 and varyingan amount of decompression of actuation structure 920. In one or moreembodiments, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 251 at any targetof a plurality of targets within an eye, e.g., without increasing alength of a portion of a steerable laser probe within the eye.Illustratively, a surgeon may aim optic fiber distal end 251 at anytarget of a plurality of targets within an eye, e.g., without decreasinga length of a portion of a steerable laser probe within the eye.

The foregoing description has been directed to particular embodiments ofthis invention. It will be apparent; however, that other variations andmodifications may be made to the described embodiments, with theattainment of some or all of their advantages. Specifically, it shouldbe noted that the principles of the present invention may be implementedin any probe system. Furthermore, while this description has beenwritten in terms of a steerable laser probe, the teachings of thepresent invention are equally suitable to systems where thefunctionality of actuation may be employed. Therefore, it is the objectof the appended claims to cover all such variations and modifications ascome within the true spirit and scope of the invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. An instrument comprising: a handle having ahandle distal end and a handle proximal end; an actuation structure ofthe handle having an actuation structure distal end and an actuationstructure proximal end, the actuation structure manufactured from ashape memory material; a plurality of actuation arms of the actuationstructure, each actuation arm of the plurality of actuation arms havingan extension mechanism; a handle base of the handle, the handle basehaving a handle base distal end and a handle base proximal end whereinthe handle base distal end is adjacent to the actuation structureproximal end and the handle base proximal end is the handle proximalend; an actuation ring of the handle having an actuation ring distal endand an actuation ring proximal end wherein the actuation ring proximalend is adjacent to the actuation structure distal end and the actuationring distal end is the handle distal end; an inner bore of the handle;an inner bore distal chamber of the handle, the inner bore distalchamber disposed within the actuation structure; an optic fiber guide ofthe handle, the optic fiber guide disposed within the actuationstructure wherein the optic fiber guide is disposed between the innerbore and the inner bore distal chamber; a wire proximal end housing ofthe handle, the wire proximal end housing disposed within the actuationstructure wherein the wire proximal end housing is disposed between theinner bore distal chamber and the inner bore; a wire fixation mechanismhousing of the handle, the wire fixation mechanism housing disposedwithin the actuation structure and the wire proximal end housing whereinthe wire fixation mechanism housing is disposed between the inner boredistal chamber and the inner bore; a housing tube having a housing tubedistal end and a housing tube proximal end; a flexible tube having aflexible tube distal end and a flexible tube proximal end, the flexibletube disposed in the housing tube wherein the flexible tube distal endextends from the housing tube distal end; a wire having a wire distalend and a wire proximal end, the wire disposed in the housing tube, theflexible tube, the wire proximal end housing, and the inner bore distalchamber; a pre-formed curve of the wire; and an optic fiber having anoptic fiber distal end and an optic fiber proximal end, the optic fiberdisposed in the inner bore, the optic fiber guide, the inner bore distalchamber, the housing tube, and the flexible tube wherein the optic fiberdistal end is adjacent to the flexible tube distal end.
 2. Theinstrument of claim 1 wherein an application of a compressive force to aparticular actuation arm of the plurality of actuation arms isconfigured to actuate the particular actuation arm.
 3. The instrument ofclaim 2 wherein the application of the compressive force to theparticular actuation arm is configured to actuate every actuation arm ofthe plurality of actuation arms.
 4. The instrument of claim 3 whereinthe application of the compressive force to the particular actuation armis configured to extend the extension mechanism of the particularactuation arm.
 5. The instrument of claim 4 wherein the application ofthe compressive force to the particular actuation arm is configured toextend the actuation ring relative to the handle base.
 6. The instrumentof claim 5 wherein the application of the compressive force to theparticular actuation arm is configured to actuate the housing tuberelative to the wire.
 7. The instrument of claim 6 wherein theapplication of the compressive force to the particular actuation arm isconfigured to extend the housing tube relative to the wire.
 8. Theinstrument of claim 7 wherein the application of the compressive forceto the particular actuation arm is configured to extend the housing tubeover a portion of the pre-formed curve.
 9. The instrument of claim 8wherein the application of the compressive force to the particularactuation arm is configured to generally straighten the portion of thepre-formed curve.
 10. The instrument of claim 9 further comprising: aninner nosecone having an inner nosecone distal end and an inner noseconeproximal end.
 11. The instrument of claim 10 further comprising: anouter nosecone having an outer nosecone distal end and an outer noseconeproximal end.
 12. The instrument of claim 11 further comprising: anosecone fixation mechanism.
 13. The instrument of claim 12 wherein thenosecone fixation mechanism is configured to fix the inner nose cone tothe outer nosecone.
 14. The instrument of claim 13 wherein the noseconefixation mechanism comprises a setscrew.
 15. The instrument of claim 14wherein the application of the compressive force to the particularactuation arm is configured to straighten the optic fiber.
 16. Aninstrument comprising: a handle having a handle distal end and a handleproximal end; an actuation structure of the handle having an actuationstructure distal end and an actuation structure proximal end, theactuation structure manufactured from a shape memory material; aplurality of actuation arms of the actuation structure, each actuationarm of the plurality of actuation arms having an extension mechanism; ahandle base of the handle, the handle base having a handle base distalend and a handle base proximal end wherein the handle base distal end isadjacent to the actuation structure proximal end and the handle baseproximal end is the handle proximal end; an actuation ring of the handlehaving an actuation ring distal end and an actuation ring proximal endwherein the actuation ring proximal end is adjacent to the actuationstructure distal end and the actuation ring distal end is the handledistal end; an inner bore of the handle; an inner bore distal chamber ofthe handle, the inner bore distal chamber disposed within the actuationstructure; an optic fiber guide of the handle, the optic fiber guidedisposed within the actuation structure wherein the optic fiber guide isdisposed between the inner bore and the inner bore distal chamber; awire proximal end housing of the handle, the wire proximal end housingdisposed within the actuation structure wherein the wire proximal endhousing is disposed between the inner bore distal chamber and the innerbore; a wire fixation mechanism housing of the handle, the wire fixationmechanism housing disposed within the actuation structure and the wireproximal end housing wherein the wire fixation mechanism housing isdisposed between the inner bore distal chamber and the inner bore; ahousing tube having a housing tube distal end and a housing tubeproximal end; a flexible tube having a flexible tube distal end and aflexible tube proximal end, the flexible tube disposed in the housingtube wherein the flexible tube distal end extends from the housing tubedistal end; a wire having a wire distal end and a wire proximal end, thewire disposed in the housing tube, the flexible tube, the wire proximalend housing, and the inner bore distal chamber; a pre-formed curve ofthe wire; an optic fiber having an optic fiber distal end and an opticfiber proximal end, the optic fiber disposed in the inner bore, theoptic fiber guide, the inner bore distal chamber, the housing tube, andthe flexible tube wherein the optic fiber distal end is adjacent to theflexible tube distal end; an inner nosecone having an inner noseconedistal end and an inner nosecone proximal end; and an outer noseconehaving an outer nosecone distal end and an outer nosecone proximal end.17. An instrument comprising: a handle having a handle distal end and ahandle proximal end; an actuation structure of the handle having anactuation structure distal end and an actuation structure proximal end,the actuation structure manufactured from a shape memory material; aplurality of actuation arms of the actuation structure, each actuationarm of the plurality of actuation arms having an extension mechanism; ahandle base of the handle, the handle base having a handle base distalend and a handle base proximal end wherein the handle base distal end isadjacent to the actuation structure proximal end and the handle baseproximal end is the handle proximal end; an actuation ring of the handlehaving an actuation ring distal end and an actuation ring proximal endwherein the actuation ring proximal end is adjacent to the actuationstructure distal end and the actuation ring distal end is the handledistal end; an inner bore of the handle; an inner bore distal chamber ofthe handle, the inner bore distal chamber disposed within the actuationstructure; an optic fiber guide of the handle, the optic fiber guidedisposed within the actuation structure wherein the optic fiber guide isdisposed between the inner bore and the inner bore distal chamber; awire proximal end housing of the handle, the wire proximal end housingdisposed within the actuation structure wherein the wire proximal endhousing is disposed between the inner bore distal chamber and the innerbore; a wire fixation mechanism housing of the handle, the wire fixationmechanism housing disposed within the actuation structure and the wireproximal end housing wherein the wire fixation mechanism housing isdisposed between the inner bore distal chamber and the inner bore; ahousing tube having a housing tube distal end and a housing tubeproximal end; a flexible tube having a flexible tube distal end and aflexible tube proximal end, the flexible tube disposed in the housingtube wherein the flexible tube distal end extends from the housing tubedistal end; a wire having a wire distal end and a wire proximal end, thewire disposed in the housing tube, the flexible tube, the wire proximalend housing, and the inner bore distal chamber; a pre-formed curve ofthe wire; and an optic fiber having an optic fiber distal end and anoptic fiber proximal end, the optic fiber disposed in the inner bore,the optic fiber guide, the inner bore distal chamber, the housing tube,and the flexible tube wherein the optic fiber distal end is adjacent tothe flexible tube distal end and wherein a portion of the optic fiber isfixed to an inner portion of the flexible tube.
 18. The instrument ofclaim 17 wherein a compression of the actuation structure is configuredto straighten the optic fiber.
 19. The instrument of claim 18 whereinthe compression of the action structure is configured to straighten theflexible tube.
 20. The instrument of claim 17 wherein a decompression ofthe actuation structure is configured to curve the optic fiber.